7 differences between religion and spirituality in the workplace
Published 12.07.2021 в Analyse forex euro franc suisse
Therefore, it is essential to reflect on the relationship between spirituality and organisational commitment amongst employees involved in trading organisations and companies. Methodology This applied research with a descriptive-correlational design was conducted on a statistical population of a total number of 30 trading companies in Kuala Lumpur, Penang and Langkawi, Malaysia, of which employees were selected as the statistical samples using a simple random sampling technique in In addition, two standard questionnaires were utilised to collect the data required for this study.
Workplace spirituality scale This questionnaire was developed by Milliman et al. Organisational health inventory This item questionnaire was designed by Miles to measure OH within 8 components, including morale, innovation, involvement in decision-making, commitment and independence, goal path, leadership, uniformity and adaptation, as well as development and efficiency.
It is worth noting that, in this study, the five-point Likert-type scale from 1: strongly disagree to 5: strongly agree was employed. After distributing the questionnaires, cases were found appropriate and the rest were excluded from data analysis because of being incomplete.
The spiritual leader hopes for a workplace composed of people with common rituals, values and beliefs that is truly a community. It means that the emphasis will be less on the power of the formal role, enforcement, transformation and less on conformity, regulation. Spirituality does not require the leader to adhere to a single faith or to try to convince subordinates to adopt a particular set of religious principles.
Most workers look to the workplace as a way to find meaning in their lives. The mid-twentieth-century United States is characterised by individuals such as parents, children, grandparents, aunts, uncles and cousins who live near families.
Things have now changed, although, as the family is not a ready source of support for many people. An identity crisis is a consequence. To check the validity of the questionnaires, construct validity was used, particularly fit indices and structural equation modeling SEM.
Moreover, this value was equal to 0. Results Table 1 presents correlation coefficients of WPS and its aspects, including meaningful work, sense of community and alignment with organisational values and OH. Moreover, this coefficient was significant at the level of 0. The results in Table 1 show that WPS aspects, including meaningful work, sense of community and alignment with organisational values, respectively, with coefficients of 0.
According to the results in Table 2 , both hypotheses were confirmed. To assess the status of the variables in this study, the test of means one-sample t-test was used. Accordingly, the mean value of the statistical population was investigated at the error level of 0.
In this test, using the SPSS software, the utility could represent the mean value larger and smaller than three as the criterion mean value in positive and negative concepts, respectively. Table 2 illustrates the results of the test of means one-sample t-test , indicating the appropriate status of each of the research variables.
However, it is still possible to pay much more attention to each variable and to enhance their status in the trading companies recruited in this study. Discussion Spirituality in Islam means enjoying high human values such as faith in God, high respect for others, piety, service, optimisms and honesty, which are generally universal.
Spirituality in Iranian society is also religion-based, denoting that Islamic religious beliefs, teachings and practices shape spirituality. Islamic languages have thus proposed various terms for spirituality as a concept in the Western world, incorporating the meanings of inners, right, meanings, position, blessings, moral perfection, beauty, life and remembrance of God.
Muslims deem that spiritual life is based both on fear of God and love for Him as well as submission to His will and search for His recognition as the ultimate goal of creation. Islamic spirituality is associated with Islamic patterns as the pillars of Islam. The spiritual essence of Islam is linked with monotheism and the heart of Islam is the key to understand its different aspects.
It should be noted that most internal research performed in the field of WPS was conducted through the Western approach and the components extracted from the foundations of this approach. The Western approach, meanwhile, looks at human beings and their beliefs from a different viewpoint and does not correspond with the concepts derived from our religious teachings and our Islamic culture.
Nevertheless, it is not easy to define the term spirituality because it is exploited in various fields. It is rooted in the Christian tradition that has a long history of theology and religious practices. Spirituality is a search looking inward, which often contrasts with the material, physical and external affairs.
Compared with religion, some consider spirituality more dispersed and less institutionalised; on the contrary, others know spirituality as the core of religion, especially when they have mystical and religious experiences. Spirituality has been the long-lasting obsession of humanity, but a critical and comparative study of spirituality in global contexts is an emerging phenomenon.
Many religions do not offer a precise word for spirituality; however, the concept of spirituality has today become popular and is now recruited inside and outside of religions. Thus, new interests in spirituality have been accompanied by much more emphasis on personal issues, self-development and a different understanding of human psychology. Spirituality is now a universal keyword, suggesting a search for directions and meanings.
Some researchers accordingly define spirituality as the tendency to search for the ultimate goal of life and to live accordingly. Others illustrate spirituality as meanings and life awareness. Some dwell on the concepts of religions and rituals in the East, such as Taoism, Buddhism, Zen and Islam. Such researchers rightly claim that non-Western societies have much better integrated personal life, work, entertainment, worship and other aspects of life. Reviewing research in this field suggests that spirituality for a Catholic theologian is the way to move towards divinity; for a physician, it is something that gives meaning to life; for a sociologist, it is a personal search to understand goals and values that may be taken in the concept of God or the transcendence or not; and for others, it means knowing and living as a basis for personal, interpersonal, social and global development, in reference to the knowledge that God is always present in human existence.
The best word that can represent spirituality and reflect its vital role in human life is interdependence. In this sense, individuals working with organisations who are more spiritual can gain more profits. Accordingly, individuals involved in these organisations are capable of demonstrating a higher proportion of their complete self at work.
These people can thus utilise their creativity, emotions and intelligence. Without bothering their colleagues or making them angry, these individuals are always looking for ways to express their spirituality in the workplace. They strongly believe that as long as companies fail to learn how to manage and control perfect humans, that is, the great spiritual power that exists in the essence of each individual, they will not be able to supply services and products on a global scale.
For some people, spirituality in the workplace and within organisations has a religious connotation. Given the importance of this topic, this study examined the effect of WPS on OH amongst 30 trading companies in Malaysia. Therefore, organisation managers need to pay special attention to the concepts of WPS and OH and benefit from their positive impacts.
Spiritual organisations and spirituality within organisations will thus bring many benefits, including the ability to affect spiritual health in employees and their self-control. Conclusion The first requirement for performing successful activities by employees in organisations is their physical—mental health so that these individuals must not suffer from any specific physical—mental diseases, have concentration, make efforts to fulfil their tasks, and show successful and excellent performance in terms of thinking, mood and temperament, and behaviour.
The effect of spirituality on the health of the body and soul can be well understood when it becomes clear that a faithful person has more confidence that is spiritual, more calm nerves and a healthier heart and does not constantly think of violating the rights of others. From this perspective, if others become successful, these individuals will not feel jealous, greed cannot make their lives a living hell, nervous system disorders do not cause gastric, duodenal ulcers amongst them, lust does not degrade and weaken them, and they will enjoy life and live longer.
The health of the body depends largely on faith, as the most important characteristic of a spiritual human. The main point here is that if individuals have faith, deficiencies do not wear them out but maintain their balance. Acknowledgements Competing interests The authors declare that they have no financial or personal relationships that may have inappropriately influenced them in writing this article. Ethical considerations Participation in this research was informed and voluntary and confidentiality of information was observed.
Funding information This research received no specific grant from any funding agency in the public, commercial or not-for-profit sectors. Data availability Data sharing is not applicable to this article as no new data were created or analysed in this study. Disclaimer The views and opinions expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of any affiliated agency of the authors.
This perennial knowledge constitutes the answers to what are often called the soul questions: Who am I? What is my purpose? What is the meaning of life? Historically, from the perspective of the soul, there have been two foundational routes to discover these truths: religion and spirituality.
Although they have many similarities and there is a relationship between the two, there are differences between religion and spirituality. Religion: By definition, religion is a personal set or institutionalized system of religious attitudes, beliefs, and practices; the service and worship of God or the supernatural.
Spirituality: Spirituality, on the other hand, connotes an experience of connection to something larger than you; living everyday life in a reverent and sacred manner. The details of their lives as holy or highly evolved beings have been carried to us across the mists of time through oral tradition and written scriptures.
These figures are the subject of worship and devotion and form the foundation of religious practices and rituals in a community. Seek what they sought. For example, you may know people who consider themselves spiritual, but not religious. Conversely, there can be individuals who are devoutly religious but are not what most would consider deeply spiritual. Bear in mind that there are no absolutes in these distinctions.
They are merely general markers meant to better explore the qualities between two equally valid approaches to seeking the truth. Objective vs. Subjective Experience Religion: On the whole, a formal religion is often an objective experience. In other words, there is usually a greater focus on the externals: Houses of worship e. Spirituality: Spirituality, however, leans more toward self-referral or the internalization of your awareness of your soul.
Spirituality is an inward journey that involves a shift in awareness rather than some form of external activity. As such, spirituality is much more about inner understanding than outer worship. Formless Religion: One of the hallmarks of religion is its organization. It is a structured, frequently rule-based construct that to some degree governs the behavior of its members. In previous, more uncertain times, the rules and dogma of organized religion helped to give society a sense of certainty and helped to guide and comfort those whose faith was lacking.
Spirituality: Spirituality though, breaks free from the restrictions and rigid structure sometimes associated with traditional religion. They are following not a set of external rules, but their own inner call to spirit. Evolutionary Approach Religion: Due to their centuries- to millennia-old histories, religions are by nature often deeply rooted in tradition, ritual, creed, and doctrine.
This is understandable in that all religions wish to preserve the essence of their teachings so they may be accurately transmitted through history. Spirituality: By comparison, spirituality is often less focused on the rigidly traditional approach and often favors an evolutionary mentality.
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Published 12.07.2021 в Analyse forex euro franc suisse
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